Table of Contents
Can You Drink Tap Water in Stafford?
Yes, Stafford's tap water is generally considered safe to drink as Stafford has no active health based violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) that we are aware of. Other factors such as lead piping in a home, or low levels of pollutants on immunocompromised individuals, should also be considered, however. To find more recent info we might have, you can check out our boil water notice page or the city's water provider website.
According the EPA’s ECHO database, from April 30, 2019 to June 30, 2022, Stafford's water utility, Stafford County Utilities, had 0 violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act. For more details on the violations, please see our violation history section below. The last violation for Stafford was resolved on March 31, 2016. This assessment is based on the Stafford County Utilities water system, other water systems in the city may have different results.
While tap water that meets the EPA health guidelines generally won’t make you sick to your stomach, it can still contain regulated and unregulated contaminants present in trace amounts that could potentially cause health issues over the long-run. These trace contaminants may also impact immunocompromised and vulnerable individuals.
The EPA is reviewing if it’s current regulations around pollutant levels in tap water are strict enough, and the health dangers posed by unregulated pollutants, like PFAS.
Water Quality Report for Stafford Tap Water
The most recent publicly available numbers for measured contaminant levels in Stafford tap water are in its 2020 Water Quality Report. As you can see, there are levels which the EPA considers to be acceptable, but being below the maximum allowable level doesn’t necessarily mean the water is healthy.
Lead in tap water, for example, is currently allowed at up to 15ppb by the EPA, but it has set the ideal goal for lead at zero. This highlights how meeting EPA standards doesn’t necessarily mean local tap water is healthy.
EPA regulations continue to change as it evaluates the long term impacts of chemicals and updates drinking water acceptable levels. The rules around arsenic, as well as, lead and copper are currently being re-evaluated.
There are also a number of "emerging" contaminants that are not currently. For example, PFAS (Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), for which the EPA has issued a health advisory. PFAS are called "forever chemicals" since they tend not to break down in the environment or the human body and can accumulate over time.
We recommend looking at the contaminants present in Stafford's water quality reports, or getting your home's tap water tested to see if you should be filtering your water.
Stafford Tap Water Safe Drinking Water Act Violation History - Prior 10 Years
Below is a ten year history of violations for the water system named Stafford County Utilities for Stafford in Virginia. For more details please see the "What do these Violations Mean?" section below.
From March 1, 2016 to March 31, 2016, Stafford had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Monitoring and Reporting, more specifically, the violation code was Monitoring, Turbidity (Enhanced SWTR) which falls into the Microbials rule code group, and the Surface Water Treatment Rules rule code family for the following contaminant code: Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule.
Is there Lead in Stafford Water?
Based on the EPA’s ECHO Database, 90% of the samples taken from the Stafford water system, Stafford County Utilities, between sample start date and sample end date, were at or below, 0.0018 mg/L of lead in Stafford water. This is 12.0% of the 0.015 mg/L action level. This means 10% of the samples taken from Stafford contained more lead.
While Stafford water testing may have found 0.0018 mg/L of lead in its water, that does not mean your water source has the same amount. The amount of lead in water in a city can vary greatly from neighborhood to neighborhood, or even building to building. Many buildings, particularly older ones, have lead pipes or service lines which can be a source of contamination. To find out if your home has lead, we recommend getting you water tested.
No amount of lead in water is healthy, only less dangerous. As lead accumulates in our bodies over time, even exposure to relatively small amounts can have negative health effects. For more information, please check out our Lead FAQ page.
Are there PFAS in Stafford Tap Water?
Currently, testing tap water for PFAS isn’t mandated on a national level. We do have a list of military bases where there have been suspected or confirmed leaks. There appears to be at least one military base - QUANTICO VA MCCOMBDEV CMD - near Stafford with suspected leaks.
With many potential sources of PFAS in tap water across the US, the best information we currently have about which cities have PFAS in their water is this ewg map, which you can check to see if Stafford has been evaluated for yet.
Our stance is better safe than sorry, and that it makes sense to try to purify the tap water just in case.
Stafford SDWA Violation History Table - Prior 10 Years
| Compliance Period | Status | Health-Based? | Category Code | Code | Rule Code | Contaminant Code | Rule Group Code | Rule Family Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 03/01/2016 - 03/31/2016 | Resolved | No | Monitoring and Reporting (MR) | Monitoring, Turbidity (Enhanced SWTR) (38) | Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (122) | Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (0300) | Microbials (100) | Surface Water Treatment Rules (120) |
What do these Violations Mean?
Safe Drinking Water Act Violations categories split into two groups, health based, and non-health based. Generally, health based violations are more serious, though non-health based violations can also be cause for concern.
Health Based Violations
- Maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) - maximum allowed contaminant level was exceeded.
- Maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) - maximum allowed disinfectant level was exceeded.
- Other violations (Other) - the exact required process to reduce the amounts of contaminants in drinking water was not followed.
Non-Health Based Violations
- Monitoring and reporting violations (MR, MON) - failure to conduct the required regular monitoring of drinking water quality, and/or to submit monitoring results on time.
- Public notice violations (Other) - failure to immediately alert consumers if there is a serious problem with their drinking water that may pose a risk to public health.
- Other violations (Other) - miscellaneous violations, such as failure to issue annual consumer confidence reports or maintain required records.
SDWA Table Key
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Compliance Period | Dates of the compliance period. |
| Status |
Current status of the violation.
|
| Health-Based? | Whether the violation is health based. |
| Category Code |
The category of violation that is reported.
|
| Code | A full description of violation codes can be accessed in the SDWA_REF_CODE_VALUES (CSV) table. |
| Contaminant Code | A code value that represents a contaminant for which a public water system has incurred a violation of a primary drinking water regulation. |
| Rule Code |
Code for a National Drinking Water rule.
|
| Rule Group Code |
Code that uniquely identifies a rule group.
|
| Rule Family Code |
Code for rule family.
|
For more clarification please visit the EPA's data dictionary.
Stafford Water - Frequently Asked Questions
| By Mail: | 71 Coal Landing Rd P.O. Box 339 STAFFORD, VA, 22554 |
Existing customers can login to their Stafford County Utilities account to pay their Stafford water bill by clicking here.
If you want to pay your Stafford County Utilities bill online and haven't made an account yet, you can create an account online. Please click here to create your account to pay your Stafford water bill.
If you don't want to make an account, or can't remember your account, you can make a one-time payment towards your Stafford water bill without creating an account using a one time payment portal with your account number and credit or debit card. Click here to make a one time payment.
Moving to a new house or apartment in Stafford means you will often need to put the water in your name with Stafford County Utilities. In order to put the water in your name, please click the link to the start service form below. Start service requests for water bills typically take two business days.
Leaving your house or apartment in Stafford means you will likely need to take your name off of the water bill with Stafford County Utilities. In order to take your name off the water bill, please click the link to the stop service form below. Stop service for water bills requests typically take two business days.
USER SUBMITTED RATINGS
- Drinking Water Pollution and Inaccessibility
- Water Pollution
- Drinking Water Quality and Accessibility
- Water Quality
The above data is comprised of subjective, user submitted opinions about the water quality and pollution in Stafford, measured on a scale from 0% (lowest) to 100% (highest).
Related FAQS
Stafford Water Quality Report (Consumer Confidence Report)
The EPA mandates that towns and cities consistently monitor and test their tap water. They must report their findings in an annual Consumer Confidence Report. Below is the most recent water quality report from Stafford's Water. If you would like to see the original version of the report, please click here.
STAFFORD COUNTY UTILIITIES
2020 In 2020, your drinking water quality met every state and federal requirement that safeguards public health.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Message from the Director |
3 |
Where Does My Water Come From? |
5 |
How Your Water is Treated |
6 |
How Much Water Do You Use? |
7 |
Substances in Water |
8 |
Source Water Assessment |
9 |
Lead in Home Plumbing |
10 |
Important Health Information |
11 |
Fats, Oils and Grease (FOG) |
12 |
Benefits of Flushing Water Mains |
13 |
Regulated Substance Table 2019 |
14 |
Definitions |
15 |
MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR
Dear Customers:
As the nation responded to the coronavirus pandemic, Stafford's Department of Public Works worked around-the-clock to maintain the infrastructure that keeps this County thriving and that provides clean, safe water to all residents.
The health and safety of our customers is our number one priority. The information in this report summarizes the results of hundreds of tests taken during the 2020 calendar year, ensuring the water we provide to you meets all requirements of the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Stafford's water system is monitored 24/7 and maintained by our team of highly skilled operators, engineers, technical experts and administrative staff to ensure our drinking water meets or exceeds the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s safe drinking water requirements.
These accomplishments highlight the integrated approach we take every day to protect public health by effectively managing our water resources, raising awareness about important water-related issues, and providing exceptional customer service.
Our commitment to you, our customer, and the community is evident with every call we take and the hundreds of tests we perform annually. We drink the same water you drink and we are committed to ensuring that high-quality water is available every time you reach for your tap.
C H R I S E D W A R D S , P. E .
Director of Utilities
una versión en español de este informe está disponible en nuestro sitio web:
www.staffordcountyva.gov/waterqualityreport
3
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Today, we face many water-related issues including the protection of our water resources, timely renewal and replacement of aging pipes, planning to meet current and future water needs and treatment facilities upgrades that meet increasingly stringent water quality requirements. We ask for and value your input as these issues are discussed. The Stafford County Board of Supervisors meet on the first and third Tuesdays and the Utilities Commission meets the second Tuesday of each month in the Board Chambers located at 1300 Courthouse Road, Stafford, VA. Please call (540) 658-8630 or visit the County website at www.staffordcountyva.gov/ for a schedule of meeting dates and times.
4
WHERE DOES MY WATER COME FROM?
Stafford County has three surface water sources for its supply. The Smith Lake Water Treatment Plant draws water from the Smith Lake reservoir, pictured above. The Lake Mooney Treatment Plant draws water from the Lake Mooney reservoir as well as by pumping water from the Rappahannock River. Combined, our treatment facilities provide roughly 3.1 billion gallons of clean drinking water every year.
5
HOW MUCH WATER DO YOU USE?
The average family in Stafford County uses approximately 6,000 gallons of water each month. The first step in changing the way you use water in the future is by understanding how much water you use today. An easy way to understand individual water use is to look at your water bill.
Toilet: |
Shower: |
1.6 gallons per flush |
2.5 gallons per minute |
Dishwasher: |
Water Faucets: |
12 gallons per load |
5 gallons per minute |
Garden Hose: |
Washing Machine: |
|
40 gallons per load |
Source: United States Environmental Protection Agency, WaterSense
7
SUBSTANCES IN WATER
POTENTIAL SOURCES OF WATER CONTAMINANTS
• Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and
• Inorganic contaminants such as salts and metals, which can be naturally occurring
or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharge, oil and gas production, mining or farming
- Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such agriculture, urban storm water runoff and residential uses
-
Organic chemical contaminants including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are
by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations and urban storm water runoff septic systems
To ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the U.S. EPA prescribes regulations limiting the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water that must provide the same protection for public health. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of
contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency's Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791)
8
SOURCE WATER ASSESSMENT
In 2002, the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) conducted an assessment of our water reservoir at Smith Lake
to determine how susceptible it is to contamination. An assessment of Lake Mooney and the Rappahannock River was completed in early 2019. Since there are industrial, commercial, agricultural and residential land uses in our watersheds and our sources are open to the environment, they are susceptible to contamination. We operate state-of-the-art treatment
facilities to a standard that ensures protection of public health. We also ask for your help to properly dispose of trash, waste oil, antifreeze, and other hazardous materials and minimize application of fertilizer and pesticides so that they do not enter streams, storm drains and other water bodies. You can report illegal dumping to the Stafford County Sheriff’s Office at (540)-658-4400. A copy of the Smith Lake and the Lake Mooney assessment is available by calling us at (540) 658-8600.
9
LEAD IN HOME PLUMBING
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The Stafford County Department of Public Works is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and follows all EPA corrosion inhibitor treatment guidelines, but cannot control the variety
of materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to two minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791 (TTY 711) or at www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
10
IMPORTANT HEALTH INFORMATION
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immunocompromised individuals, such as those undergoing chemotherapy, organ transplant recipients, those with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, and some elderly people and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. If you feel you are at risk, please seek advice about drinking tap water from your health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
11
FATS,OILS,GREASE (FOG)
When fats, oils, grease (FOG), wipes and other foreign items go down the pipes in your home, they cause expensive plumbing problems. The sanitary sewer system is designed to carry wastewater away from your home to the Wastewater Treatment Facilities where it is safely and effectively cleaned. As fats, oils and grease cool, they thicken and remain sticky, collecting all other items, such as wipes, that pass through your pipes creating one massive blockage and preventing the water from reaching the treatment facilities.
The cleanup of sewer backups and the additional maintenance required to reverse the damage caused by the improper disposal of these items leads to higher utility bills, costly home plumber visits and expensive pipe replacement. Sewer overflows and backups can also cause health hazards. Sewage is full of bacteria and contaminants that pose a serious threat to people and their pets.
The annual cost to remove Fats, Oils and Grease from Stafford
sewer pipes is:
$1,634,900
12
BENEFITS OF FLUSHING WATER MAINS
Public Works crews conduct hydrant flushing on a rotating basis throughout Stafford County in order to ensure that high-quality water is available to residents, firefighters and Stafford businesses.
The flushing process cleans the water system by opening the fire hydrants to increase water flows, allowing crews to "flush" any minerals and sediment that naturally accumulates in water mains over the course of the year. By testing each of the 6,000 hydrants in Stafford County, Public Works crews can check and record water pressure to ensure each hydrant is properly maintained and available for use in the event of a fire.
For more information and tips for minimizing water discoloration during hydrant flushing, please visit www.staffordcountyva.gov/flushing
13
Stafford County
Table of Detected Contaminants
Regulated Contaminants (samples taken from the water distribution system)
|
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In |
|
|
Parameter |
Average Results |
Range of Results |
Units |
MCL |
MCLG |
Compliance? |
Source |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes / No |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average of last |
|
|
|
|
Haloacetic Acids |
33 |
11 |
- |
43 |
ppb |
4 quarters less |
None |
Yes |
Byproduct of |
|
(HAA5s) |
(highest |
(for individual |
|
than or equal |
|
|
drinking water |
||
|
|
compliance avg.) |
sample sites) |
|
to 60 ppb |
|
|
disinfection |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average of last |
|
|
|
|
Trihalomethanes |
47 |
26 |
- |
69 |
ppb |
4 quarters less |
None |
Yes |
Byproduct of |
|
(TTHMs) |
(highest |
(for individual |
|
than or equal |
|
|
drinking water |
||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
compliance avg.) |
sample sites) |
|
to 80 ppb |
|
|
disinfection |
||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fluoride |
0.72 |
0.65 |
- |
0.72 |
ppm |
4 |
4 |
Yes |
Added to water to |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
promote strong teeth |
|
|
0.013 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barium |
ND - 0.013 |
ppm |
2 |
2 |
Yes |
Erosion of |
|||
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
natural deposits |
|
|
The running annual average |
|
Treatment Technique: |
Running |
|
Naturally present |
|||
|
Total Organic Carbon |
of quarterly TOC percent removals |
None |
annual avg. of quarterly TOC |
Yes |
in the |
||||
|
(TOC) |
ranged from 1.33 to 1.64 |
|
% removals must be >/= 1.0 |
|
environment |
||||
|
Secondary / Unregulated Contaminants |
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|||
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|
|
In |
|
|
Parameter |
Average Results |
Range of Results |
Units |
SMCL |
N/A |
Compliance? |
Source |
||
|
|
|
(individual sites) |
|
|
|
Yes / No |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Orthophosphate |
0.35 |
- |
0.62 |
ppm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Added as corrosion |
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inhibitor |
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
21.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sodium |
18.5 |
- |
23.9 |
ppm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Erosion of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
natural deposits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
30.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Erosion of |
|
Sulfate |
28.4 |
- |
32.1 |
ppm |
250.0 |
N/A |
N/A |
natural deposits, |
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fertilizer runoff |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chloride |
11.3 |
- |
14.6 |
ppm |
250.0 |
N/A |
N/A |
Erosion of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
natural deposits |
|
|
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|
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|
Chlorine (samples taken from the water distribution system)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In |
|
|
Parameter |
Highest |
Range of Results |
Units |
MRDL |
MRDLG |
Compliance? |
Source |
|
|
Running Annual |
(individual sites) |
|
|
|
Yes / No |
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chloramines |
0.1 - 3.7 |
ppm |
4.0 |
4.0 |
Yes |
Added as water |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
disinfectant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Metals (samples taken from the customer's tap)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of sampling |
In |
|
|
Parameter |
Action Level |
|
MCLG |
Test Results |
locations above the |
Compliance? |
Source |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EPA Action Level |
Yes / No |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lead |
90% of all test |
|
|
Results from 2018 |
|
|
Corrosion in |
|
|
|
|
<QL to 3.0 ppb; |
|
|
||||
|
|
results must be |
|
15 ppb |
100% of the 51 samples |
0 |
Yes |
household plumbing |
|
|
|
15 ppb or less |
|
|
taken were 15 ppb or less |
|
|
systems |
|
|
Copper |
90% of all test |
|
|
Results from 2018 |
|
|
Corrosion in |
|
|
|
|
<QL to 0.17 mg/l |
|
|
||||
|
|
results must be |
|
1.3 ppm |
100% of the 51 samples |
0 |
Yes |
household plumbing |
|
|
|
1.3 ppm or less |
|
|
1.3 ppm or less |
|
|
systems |
|
|
Turbidity (samples taken from filtered water at the treatment |
facility) |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lowest Percentage |
In |
|
|
Parameter |
|
MCL |
Units |
Max. |
of Monthly Samples |
Compliance? |
Source |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Detected |
Meeting Limit |
Yes / No |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Treatment Technique (TT) - at |
|
0.23 |
|
|
|
||
|
Turbidity |
least 95% of all samples taken each |
NTU |
100% of all samples |
|
Soil erosion from |
|||
|
Yes |
||||||||
|
|
month must be 0.3 NTU or less; |
|
|
taken were 0.3 NTU |
|
runoff |
||
|
|
1 NTU maximum |
|
|
or less |
|
|
||
14
1. Tests were performed for an additional 104 possible contaminants which were NOT DETECTED.
2. Lead, copper, and total coliforms are reported to Health Dept. on a
3. Lead and copper test results are from 2018 - testing not required again until 2021.
DEFINITIONS
AL, Action Level: the concentration of a contaminant that, if exceeded triggers treatment or other
Level 1 assessment - a study of the waterworks to identify potential problems and determine, if possible, why total coliform bacteria have been found in
our waterworks.
MCL, Maximum Contaminant Level: the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
MCLG, Maximum Contaminant Level Goal: the level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
MRDL, Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level: the highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
MRDLG, Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal: the level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.
NTU, Nephelometric Turbidity Units: a measurement of the clarity of water.
pCi/L, Picocuries per liter: measure of radio activity
ppm, Parts per million: measure of concentration equal to 1 cent in $10,000 or about 1 minute in 694 days.
ppb, Parts per billion: measure of concentration equal to 1 cent in $10 million or about 1 minute in 1,902 years.
ppm, Parts ber million
QL, Quantification Limit: the lowest level at which a test method can be accurately reported.
SMCL, Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level:
non health based standards established for contaminants that can adversely affect the taste, odor, or appearance of water. TT, Treatment Technique: required process
intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
15
2020
WATER QUALITY
REPORT
STAFFORD COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS
1300 Courthouse Road |
Phone |
Website |
Stafford, Virginia 22554 |
www.staffordcountyva.gov |
Contaminants
Stafford County Utilities
EWG's drinking water quality report shows results of tests conducted by the water utility and provided to the Environmental Working Group by the Virginia Department of Health - Office of Drinking Water, as well as information from the U.S. EPA Enforcement and Compliance History database (ECHO). For the latest quarter assessed by the U.S. EPA (January 2019 - March 2019), tap water provided by this water utility was in compliance with federal health-based drinking water standards.
Utility details
- Serves: 112285
- Data available: 2012-2017
- Data Source: Surface water
- Total: 16
Contaminants That Exceed Guidelines
- Bromodichloromethane
- Chloroform
- Dibromochloromethane
- Dichloroacetic acid
- Radium%2C combined (-226 & -228)
- Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
- Trichloroacetic acid
Other Detected Contaminants
- Barium
- Chlorate
- Chromium (hexavalent)
- Fluoride
- Haloacetic acids (HAA5)
- Manganese
- Monochloroacetic acid
- Nitrate and nitrite
- Strontium
Reminder
Always take extra precautions, the water may be safe to drink when it leaves the sewage treatment plant but it may pick up pollutants during its way to your tap. We advise that you ask locals or hotel staff about the water quality. Also, note that different cities have different water mineral contents.