Is Elkhorn Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Can You Drink Tap Water in Elkhorn?

No, Elkhorn's tap water is not safe to drink as it has an active health based violation of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Other factors such as lead piping in a home, or low levels of pollutants on immunocompromised individuals, should also be considered, however. To find more recent info we might have, you can check out our boil water notice page or the city's water provider website.

According the EPA’s ECHO database, from April 30, 2019 to June 30, 2022, Elkhorn's water utility, Elkhorn Waterworks, had 4 health-based violations and 2 non-health-based violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act. For more details on the violations, please see our violation history section below. The last violation for Elkhorn was resolved on Dec. 31, 2015. There has been an active violation for Lead and Copper Rule since Nov. 1, 2020. This assessment is based on the Elkhorn Waterworks water system, other water systems in the city may have different results.

While tap water that meets the EPA health guidelines generally won’t make you sick to your stomach, it can still contain regulated and unregulated contaminants present in trace amounts that could potentially cause health issues over the long-run. These trace contaminants may also impact immunocompromised and vulnerable individuals.

The EPA is reviewing if it’s current regulations around pollutant levels in tap water are strict enough, and the health dangers posed by unregulated pollutants, like PFAS.

Elkhorn Tap Water Safe Drinking Water Act Violation History - Prior 10 Years

Below is a ten year history of violations for the water system named Elkhorn Waterworks for Elkhorn in Wisconsin. For more details please see the "What do these Violations Mean?" section below.

For the compliance period beginning Nov. 1, 2021, Elkhorn had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Other Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Public Notification Violation for NPDWR Violation which falls into the Other rule code group, and the Public Notice Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: Public Notice.

For the compliance period beginning Oct. 28, 2021, Elkhorn had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Monitoring and Reporting, more specifically, the violation code was Monitoring, Source Water (GWR) which falls into the Microbials rule code group, and the Groundwater Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: E. COLI.

From Jan. 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Radionuclides rule code family for the following contaminant code: Combined Radium (-226 and -228).

For the compliance period beginning Nov. 1, 2020, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Treatment Technique Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Lead Service Line Replacement (LSLR) which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Lead and Copper Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: Lead and Copper Rule.

From Oct. 1, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Radionuclides rule code family for the following contaminant code: Combined Radium (-226 and -228).

From July 1, 2019 to Sept. 30, 2019, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Radionuclides rule code family for the following contaminant code: Combined Radium (-226 and -228).

From April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Radionuclides rule code family for the following contaminant code: Combined Radium (-226 and -228).

For the compliance period beginning Nov. 7, 2018, Elkhorn had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Other Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Public Notification Violation for NPDWR Violation which falls into the Other rule code group, and the Public Notice Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: Public Notice.

From Oct. 1, 2018 to Dec. 31, 2018, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Inorganic Chemicals rule code family for the following contaminant code: Arsenic.

For the compliance period beginning April 29, 2015, Elkhorn had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Other Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Public Notification Violation for NPDWR Violation which falls into the Other rule code group, and the Public Notice Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: Public Notice.

From Jan. 1, 2015 to March 31, 2015, Elkhorn had 1 health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, more specifically, the violation code was Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Radionuclides rule code family for the following contaminant code: Combined Radium (-226 and -228).

From Jan. 1, 2015 to Dec. 31, 2015, Elkhorn had 2 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violations with the violation category being Monitoring and Reporting, more specifically, the violation code was Monitoring and Reporting (DBP) which falls into the Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule rule code group, and the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule rule code family for the following contaminant codes: TTHM, Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5).

For the compliance period beginning Jan. 1, 2012, Elkhorn had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Monitoring and Reporting, more specifically, the violation code was Lead Consumer Notice which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Lead and Copper Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: Lead and Copper Rule.

Is there Lead in Elkhorn Water?

Based on the EPA’s ECHO Database, 90% of the samples taken from the Elkhorn water system, Elkhorn Waterworks, between sample start date and sample end date, were at or below, 0.018 mg/L of lead in Elkhorn water. This is 120.0% of the 0.015 mg/L action level. This means 10% of the samples taken from Elkhorn contained more lead.

While Elkhorn water testing may have found 0.018 mg/L of lead in its water, that does not mean your water source has the same amount. The amount of lead in water in a city can vary greatly from neighborhood to neighborhood, or even building to building. Many buildings, particularly older ones, have lead pipes or service lines which can be a source of contamination. To find out if your home has lead, we recommend getting you water tested.

No amount of lead in water is healthy, only less dangerous. As lead accumulates in our bodies over time, even exposure to relatively small amounts can have negative health effects. For more information, please check out our Lead FAQ page.

Are there PFAS in Elkhorn Tap Water?

Currently, testing tap water for PFAS isn’t mandated on a national level. We do have a list of military bases where there have been suspected or confirmed leaks. There appears to be no military bases near Elkhorn with suspected leaks.

With many potential sources of PFAS in tap water across the US, the best information we currently have about which cities have PFAS in their water is this ewg map, which you can check to see if Elkhorn has been evaluated for yet.

Our stance is better safe than sorry, and that it makes sense to try to purify the tap water just in case.

Elkhorn SDWA Violation History Table - Prior 10 Years

What do these Violations Mean?

Safe Drinking Water Act Violations categories split into two groups, health based, and non-health based. Generally, health based violations are more serious, though non-health based violations can also be cause for concern.

Health Based Violations

1. Maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) - maximum allowed contaminant level was exceeded.
2. Maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) - maximum allowed disinfectant level was exceeded.
3. Other violations (Other) - the exact required process to reduce the amounts of contaminants in drinking water was not followed.

Non-Health Based Violations

1. Monitoring and reporting violations (MR, MON) - failure to conduct the required regular monitoring of drinking water quality, and/or to submit monitoring results on time.
2. Public notice violations (Other) - failure to immediately alert consumers if there is a serious problem with their drinking water that may pose a risk to public health.
3. Other violations (Other) - miscellaneous violations, such as failure to issue annual consumer confidence reports or maintain required records.

SDWA Table Key

For more clarification please visit the EPA's data dictionary.